Количество страниц: 4 с.
Rates of multidrug-resistance (MDR), including extensive drug-resistance (XDR), were analyzed in new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) with positive microscopy and/or culture tests, for the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Yakutsk, rural districts, and for 5 geographical zones composing the territory of Yakutia, over the period from 2012 to 2017. During the study period, we observed unfavorable trend to increasing proportion of pulmonary tuberculosis patients with primary MDR in Yakutia (from 23% to 32.8%). The same rates for Yakutsk and rural districts increased by factors of 1.6 (from 22.5 to 36.7%) and 1.2 (from 23.6 to 29.2%), respectively. In the Arctic zone of Yakutia, for the last 5 years, a decrease was observed (by a factor 1.5) in proportion of MDR TB in new patients with pulmonary TB. In the Eastern Yakutia zone, over the period 2016 to 2017, no case with primary MDR was detected. In the rest 3 geographical zones, the named proportion was observed to increase. In 2012, a solitary case of XDR in a new patient was registered in Yakutia. During the study period, proportion of XDR in new patients with pulmonary TB showed trend to increase
Яковлева, Л. П. Показатели множественной лекарственной устойчивости среди впервые выявленных больных туберкулезом в Республике Саха (Якутия) / Л. П. Яковлева, О. Д. Кондратьева, А. У. Бурнашева // Предупреждение распространения туберкулезной инфекции в циркумполярных регионах России. Актуальные проблемы сочетанных инфекций (ВИЧ/ТБ/гепатиты) — 2018. — С. 121-124.
Количество страниц: 4 с.
3 cases of post-mortem or late detection of intestinal tuberculosis are presented, for the purposes of educating and alerting physicians. The presented cases indicate low vigilance among general practitioners for possible extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, specifically, intestinal tuberculosis
Яковлева, Л. П. О случаях посмертного и позднего выявления туберкулеза кишечника / Л. П. Яковлева, Н. С. Валь // Предупреждение распространения туберкулезной инфекции в циркумполярных регионах России. Актуальные проблемы сочетанных инфекций (ВИЧ/ТБ/гепатиты) — 2018. — С. 117-120.
Количество страниц: 6 с.
Шепелева, Л. П. История развития отделения лучевой диагностики ЯФИТ ГБУ РС (Я) НПЦ "Фтизиатрия" (к 90-летию рентгенологической службы Якутии) / Л. П. Шепелева, М. Е. Санникова, Н. А. Никифорова // Предупреждение распространения туберкулезной инфекции в циркумполярных регионах России. Актуальные проблемы сочетанных инфекций (ВИЧ/ТБ/гепатиты) — 2018. — С. 109-114.
Количество страниц: 6 с.
The article addresses key aspects in conducting chest x-ray examination of children for tuberculosis, in differential diagnosis of primary tuberculosis and nonspecific pneumonia. Clinical cases are presented to illustrate possible difficulties during diagnostic examination of children for tuberculosis
Шепелева, Л. П. Трудности рентгенологической диагностики первичного туберкулеза у детей / Л. П. Шепелева // Предупреждение распространения туберкулезной инфекции в циркумполярных регионах России. Актуальные проблемы сочетанных инфекций (ВИЧ/ТБ/гепатиты) — 2018. — С. 104-108.
Количество страниц: 4 с.
Described are factors influencing the increase in tuberculosis incidence in Namsky district of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). In the year 2016 alone, we detected 5 patients frequently shifting their place of residence. We face difficulties in registering these patients for regular medical check-up at the local antituberculosis dispensary, because of the problems with defining patients' place of detection or place of long stay. Proper case notification and registration is crucial in choosing the right place and time for thorough anti-epidemic activities. Also we advocate mandatory double (additional) reading of x-ray films to prevent missed diagnoses
Шамаева, К. Н. Обмен опытом посвоевременному выявлению туберкулеза / К. Н. Шамаева // Предупреждение распространения туберкулезной инфекции в циркумполярных регионах России. Актуальные проблемы сочетанных инфекций (ВИЧ/ТБ/гепатиты) — 2018. — С. 102-104.
Количество страниц: 6 с.
Coincidentally with general improvement in epidemiological situation for tuberculosis in Sakha Republic (Yakutia) during the period from 2015 to 2017, the incidence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis has been observed to increase. This increase was associated with growing numbers of patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis with primary disability after evaluation by Medical and Social Assessment Office. Pulmonary tuberculosis was diagnosed in vast majority of them (89.4% – 88.2% – 95.4%), while 50% had various concurrent diseases. Most of the individuals referred to evaluation for disability had been classified as having class II disability. Over the study period, the rates of full and partial rehabilitation had declined from 11.6% to 3.7%, and from 25.6% to 21,5%, respectively
Павлова, Е. С. Освидетельствования и переосвидетельствования инвалидов по туберкулезу в Республике Саха (Якутия) / Е. С. Павлова, А. И. Гоголева, Н. Б. Ларионова // Предупреждение распространения туберкулезной инфекции в циркумполярных регионах России. Актуальные проблемы сочетанных инфекций (ВИЧ/ТБ/гепатиты) — 2018. — С. 92-96.
Количество страниц: 6 с.
Despite the decrease in incidence of pediatric tuberculosis following measures implemented by the Ministry of Health of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), with support from the Government of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), the problem of pediatric tuberculosis remains urgent in the arctic and northern districts. Over 5 years, tuberculosis (TB) was detected in 161 children aged 0 to 14, among the 34 administrative districts of Yakutia republic, of them, children from arctic and northern areas made 24.8% (40). Lack (67%) of TB doctors in the arctic and northern districts undermines the performance of activities on early detection and prevention of TB among the population. Analysis of business trips showed that anti-tuberculosis measures conducted were insufficient, due isolated, hard-to-access location of settlements, long distance from the administrative center, lack of permanent employee in some of the districts. Out of the 12 districts, 9 districts (75%) managed to conduct meetings at the level of municipal entity to discuss issues in TB control work. 24 medical councils to discuss ways to conduct TB control activities and successfulness of conducted activities were summoned in central district hospitals of 11 districts (91.6%). 42 orders on conducting TB control measures and TB prevention among the population were issued in 11 central district hospitals. Decline in pediatric tuberculosis incidence in arctic and northern districts can be achieved only by better conducting anti-TB activities, which should lead ultimately to lower pediatric TB incidence over the republic
Ощепкова, Н. М. Особенности организации противотуберкулезной работы среди детского населения в условиях северных и арктических территорий / Н. М. Ощепкова, М. К. Винокурова // Предупреждение распространения туберкулезной инфекции в циркумполярных регионах России. Актуальные проблемы сочетанных инфекций (ВИЧ/ТБ/гепатиты) — 2018. — С. 78-82.
Количество страниц: 10 с.
42 tuberculosis infection hotspots with the presence of multidrug-resistance (MDR) were studied in Yakutsk, a city with 82 children with tuberculosis aged 0 to 17, who are registered for regular medical check-up at the Pediatric TB Clinic of the Phthisiatry Research-Practice Center. АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ СОЧЕТАННЫХ ИНФЕКЦИЙ Most of currently existing tuberculosis hotspots, i.e. domiciles with the presence of MDR in Yakutsk have unsatisfactory living conditions (69%), material support below poverty level (21.4%), and, as a rule, unsanitary conditions (64.3%). The study showed that children living in MDR-hotspots were exposed to higher infection risk; 10% of children examined during contact tracing had active tuberculosis disease, which was directly attributable to delayed detection of tuberculosis in adults. Arrangement of early tuberculosis detection in adult population, improvements in housing and material well-being, more effective anti-epidemic activities at MDR-hotspots are needed to help reduce the incidence of tuberculosis in children
Ощепкова, Н. М. Особенности очагов туберкулезной инфекции с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью в условиях северного города / Н. М. Ощепкова, М. К. Винокурова // Предупреждение распространения туберкулезной инфекции в циркумполярных регионах России. Актуальные проблемы сочетанных инфекций (ВИЧ/ТБ/гепатиты) — 2018. — С. 69-78.
Количество страниц: 6 с.
Polychemotherapy is required to treat all forms of tuberculosis, especially drug-resistant disease, but leads to considerable medication load on patient, causing various disturbances in vital functions. We analyzed the most common reasons for patient transfer to Anesthesia, Resuscitation, and Intensive Care Unit. In 2016, a total of 473 patients were admitted to Intensive Care Unit, of them 306 (647%) males and 167 (35.3%) females aged 1 to 91 years. They spent a total of 1528 bed-days; mortality rate 3% (14 patients). 15 patients underwent a total of 168 extracorporeal detoxication sessions. A total of 474 anesthesia supports were performed, of them 443 (93.5%) routine, and 31 (6.5%) emergency. Due to severity of their condition, 33 patients from the Department for Multidrug-Resistant Tuber- 59 Preventing spread of tuberculosis infection in circumpolar regions of Russia. Current problems in co-infection culosis needed to be admitted to Intensive Care Unit for critical therapy, which made 7% out of a total number of patients. They spent 199 bed-days in intensive care (13% of a total member of bed-days). Patients who died made 21.4% of all patients who died, including 9.1% of patients with multidrugresistant tuberculosis (MDR TB). Advanced tuberculosis disease was the cause of deaths. 5 patients transferred from MDR TB Department underwent plasmapheresis due to toxic hepatitis, a total of 31 sessions. Anesthesia supports were provided to 110 patients transferred from MDR TB Department, which made 23.2% of all analgesias. Patients with MDR TB who were surgically treated and received anesthesia support, mostly had infiltrating TB (61.9%), fibrocavitary TB (16.7%), or disseminated TB (9.5%)
Макарова, Т. С. Коньюнктурный обзор больных, поступивших в отделение анестезиологии и реанимации с туберкулезом множественной лекарственной устойчивостью возбудителя / Т. С. Макарова // Предупреждение распространения туберкулезной инфекции в циркумполярных регионах России. Актуальные проблемы сочетанных инфекций (ВИЧ/ТБ/гепатиты) — 2018. — С. 58-63.
Количество страниц: 4 с.
Examination of surgical specimens provides the richest insight into M.tuberculosis, its species, and drug susceptibility. Rapid identification of drug susceptibility directly from surgical specimens is crucial for timely adjustment of chemotherapy. This is possible with molecular genetic tests, which produce results after 2-3 days. The following findings were obtained after analysis of 78 specimens: 1) agreement between M.tuberculosis drug susceptibility results determined with surgical specimens and sputum specimens was 42.4% (14) out of 33 sputum specimens; 2) discordance in determining drug susceptibility was 57.6% (19); 14 patients had negative sputum test results, but molecular genetic test results were positive
Эффективность ПЦР в реальном времени в определении лекарственной устойчивости микробактерий туберкулеза в операционном материале / Л. И. Мордовская, И. И. Винокуров, А. А. Корнилов, С. Д. Алексеева, Н. Н. Горохова // Предупреждение распространения туберкулезной инфекции в циркумполярных регионах России. Актуальные проблемы сочетанных инфекций (ВИЧ/ТБ/гепатиты) — 2018. — С. 67-69.